A rollup is a block that is constructed out of a set of transactions that must be valid and present in the same post state. ZK rollup is a system allowing the creation of a batch that contains all coins within a single transaction.

ZK rollup is a slashing condition that results in a negative value whenever a block is created on top of an invalid block. ZK rollup is basically a type of layer 2 solution consisting of two components, known as transactors and relayers. These systems take up the responsibility to verify as well as broadcast transaction data within the network. This data then gets recorded in two Merkel trees, one on layer 1 while the other on the layer 2 system. The main purpose of these layer 2 solutions is to provide security and scalability to the existing layer 2 solutions.

An optimistically generated variant of blockchain with two or more ZK-SNARKs is called a ZK rollup. It lets the users choose the input as well as the output of the blockchain without doing any extra work. The ZK rollups let the users experiment with various sets of data and execution models. The main benefit of using a ZK rollup is that blockchain can be run on several servers. In such cases, it can scale millions of transactions within a second. Since ZK rollup is a zero-knowledge proof contract, there are no risks or complexities associated with this rollup. The underlying software for this rollup is centralized despite it using the same principles as Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). The complex algorithms are replaced by zero-knowledge proofs.